Livelihood vulnerability of char land communities to climate change and natural hazards in Bangladesh: an application of livelihood vulnerability index

Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries in world to climate change. In general, Char land (Riverine Island) communities are frequently affected by floods, riverbank erosion, and other climatic hazards, including drought, cyclones, tornadoes, salinity intrusion, water logging, cold waves, etc., which cause many lose their sources livelihoods properties make them more vulnerable. Using survey data 262 rural households, this study investigates extent livelihood vulnerability change natural hazards applying index (CVI) (i.e., UN-IPCC framework) (LVI) develop context-specific interventions for building resilience. The two approaches assessment were modified incorporate local contexts indigenous knowledge into 41 sub-components. result shows that LVI CVI values different between communities. households Jotindro-Narayan (0.148) than those Kulaghat (0.139). (0.633) slightly lower (0.639). major factors access food water, social networks, disasters, variability. also indicates flood, unemployment, communication, market, basic service opportunities biophysical socioeconomic determining vulnerability. Context-specific sustainable policies development initiatives required improve adaptive capacity across Bangladesh, thereby